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extensive study of the system of strong verbs (uniquely Germanic, among Indo- european) (fairly) worked-out account of the historical relationships between the Germanic languages, including Gothic, Icelandic, Old High German, Old English, etc.Lambert ten Kate 1674-1731 Gemeenschap tussen de Gottische spraeke en de Nederduytsche (1710) Aenleiding tot de kennisse van het verhevene deel der Nederduitsche sprake (1723).are similarities among the languages of the world evidence of a single ultimate source, due to genetic factors (innate language system) or due to certain preferences naturally arising independently? Still an open question today was there an original single language ? (monogenesis) or did language come about independently in a number of places?.Religious background Language of paradise/the original language: Hebrew? Dutch? Unknown? How do we find out?.Example (from Huydecoper) Vondel: te inf en inf : te dansen en springen Huydecoper: te should be repeated: te dansen en te springen So who is right? H.: Me, look at all the ancient examples of coordinated infinitives.Note During the early modern period, all the main languages of Europe underwent a phase of standardization and purification, because Latin was abandoned, gradually, as the lingua franca of administration and science Standardization requires some reflection on what variants should be normative Historical arguments are more neutral, hence persuasive, than sociopolitical ones.Goal of historical linguistics of the Huydecoper variety enrichment and purification of the native tongue by looking at older stages, modern loan words and modern variants can be rejected by looking for old, discarded words, alternatives to newfangled barbarisms can be found.To distinguish the good from the bad, and to present this distinction in a convincing manner, the examples from ancient texts are of the utmost importance From the preface: Om het goede van het kwaade te onderscheiden, en op eene overtuigende wijze voor te stellen, zijn de Voorbeelden der Ouden ten alleruitersten noodzaakelijk.Normative grammar Balthasar Huydecoper Proeve van Taal- en Dichtkunde, in vrymoedige aanmerkingen op Vondels vertaalde herscheppingen van Ovidius Visscher & Tirion, Amsterdam, 1730.Historical Linguistics Origins of historical linguistics (Renaissance, 17th/18th century) normative grammar: what is good Dutch, English, etc.? (answer: the oldest stages of the language, before corruption took place) religion: what was the language of Paradise? What happened during and after the Babylonian confusion of tongues?.History of Linguistics Lecture 5 Historical Linguistics The Comparative Method and Internal Reconstruction.Move on to activities in which students use the primary sources as historical evidence, like on. Remind students to practice this same careful analysis with every primary source they see.ĭon’t stop with document analysis though. Eventually, students will internalize the procedure and be able to go through these four steps on their own every time they encounter a primary source document.
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Document analysis is the first step in working with primary sources.